For each write the correct tupac namc for cach, draw a structural diagram inc, condensed or complete 17. Alkanes are comprised of all single bonds and are saturated hydrocarbons. Study guide chap 1920 alkanes, alkenes and alkynes 1 carboncarbon bonding in alkanes cc, alkenes cc and alkynes c u2261c. They are named differently from alkanes single bonded hydrocarbons because it is necessary to denote double and triple bonds. The nomenclature for alkanes is based on to name an alkane, first identify the. Alkynes are, however, more polar than alkanes or alkenes, as a result of the electron density near the triple bond. Compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen and single bonds acyclic alkanes. For example, a c5h10 compound with one double bond at the first carbon would be called 1pentene pent indicating 5 carbons and ene indicating the double bond. A hydrocarbon molecule contains only carbon and hydrogen.
First four alkanes are used as a fuel mainly for heating and cooking purpose. Organic nomenclature alkanes, alkenes, alkynes naming organic compounds can be a challenge to any chemist at any level. Dr mohamed elnewehy definition and classification 4. In an alkane, all 4 4 4 valencies of the carbon atom are satisfied with other hydrogen atoms. It is possible for a molecule to have more than one double bond. Alkenes having one double bond, thus lost 2 hydrogens or alkynes a triple bond. Liquid alkynes are nonpolar solvents, immiscible with water. Determination of an equilibrium constant using spectroscopy potassium permanganate alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. Alkenes and alkynes are double and triple bonded hydrocarbons. Both alkenes and alkynes are saturated hydrocarbons. Nonpolar, therefore boiling points depend on size and shape. Hydrocarbon hydrocarbon nomenclature of alkenes and alkynes.
Cng, petrol, diesel are used as fuels for automobiles. Physical properties nonpolar and insoluble in water as are alkanes. Eventhough the use of them may overlaps in some cases, each of them is a compound on their own. Ethylene and acetylene are synonyms in the iupac nomenclature system for ethene and ethyne, respectively. As for the alkenes, it has for the very least double bonds compared to alkanes single bond. In naming hydrocarbons, one must know the number of carbons, to identify the prefix, and the number of bonds, to identify the suffix. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds, so the study of organic chemistry is important because all living things are based on carbon compounds. Alkynes are generally nonpolar molecules with little solubility in polar solvents, such as water. Organic reactions summary alkenes, alkynes and variations.
Naming alkenes and alkynes alkynes named just like alkenes using suffix yne number main chain so triple bond receives as low a number as possible alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl groups. Alkenesalkynes concept chemistry video by brightstorm. Dec 08, 2014 alkanes contain a single bond, alkenes contain a double bond, and alkynes contain a triple bond. This reaction provides a way to test for alkenes or alkynes. Alkene and alkyne compounds are named by identifying the longest carbon chain that contains both carbons of the. In organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one. Learn alkanes formulas chemistry with free interactive flashcards. Acetylene itself is formed from the reaction of the inorganic compound calcium carbide with water. Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated bonds that contain one or more double or triple bonds e. Saturated compounds contain single bonds only and unsaturated compounds contain double or triple bonds. Compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen saturated hydrocarbons. These are called alkadienes and have the same general formula as alkynes c n h 2n2 if this is the case, indicate both numbers where the double bond is formed, and change the suffix to diene. Reduction of alkenealkyne n alkyl halides iijeeneet duration.
Some of the worksheets displayed are naming and drawing alkenes work and key, alkenes and alkynes work and key02 25 10, naming alkynes work 1 c4 305, work naming and drawing alkanes, naming organic compounds alkanes, naming organic compounds practice, alkanes and alkenes work. Most reactions of alkenes involve additions to this pi bond, forming new single bonds. The international union of pure and applied chemistry iupac names for alkynes parallel those of alkenes, except that the family ending is yne rather than ene. A 3d model of ethyne acetylene, the simplest alkyne.
Naming alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes chemistry socratic. Choose from 500 different sets of alkanes formulas chemistry flashcards on quizlet. May 04, 2017 the addition reactions of alkenes are the big start of going deep into organic reaction mechanisms in the upcoming topics such as alkynes, radical reactions, aromatic compounds and most of the others. Organic chemistryalkynes wikibooks, open books for an open. Hunter, department of chemistry, youngstown state university chemistry 1506.
Click on each image to show or hide the proper name of the hydrocarbon and its molecular formula. This method was once an important industrial process for the manufacture of acetylene. Most alkynes are less dense than water they float on top of water, but there are a few exceptions. Hydrocarbons are further divided into several structural types called, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and. Alkenes contain a double bond between carbons, and alkynes contain a triple bond between carbons. Higher alkenes and alkynes are named by counting the number of carbons in the longest continuous chain that includes the double or triple bond and appending an ene alkene or yne alkyne suffix to the stem name of the. We give alkenes iupac names by replacing the ane ending of the corresponding alkane with ene. Reaction in which the elements of water h and oh are. Alkane alkene alkyne worksheet imperialdesignstudio with. Ks4 organic chemistry alkanes and alkenes student copy free download as powerpoint presentation. Compound with only single bonds unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Generally as molecular weight increases, boiling point increases. Introduction to alkenes and alkynes in an alkane, all covalent bonds. Alkanes, alkenes and alkynes a hydrocarbon that contains no double bonds is called an alkane, or hydrocarbon containing only single bonds. Alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic compounds hydrocarbons with multiple bonds outline. In organic chemistry, an alkene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains a carboncarbon. All uses of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes in industry and. Hunters class section 2 notes page 129 20002002, dr. The physical properties of alkynes are very similar to those of the alkenes. Start studying alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, etc learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Naming alkanes alkenes and alkynes teacher worksheets. In this century, the need for standardization was recognized. Their properties are similar to those of alkanes meaning that they are nonpolar, have low solubility in water and have low melting and boiling points. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information.
Determination of the % fe in an unknown by titration. Additions are the most common reactions using alkenes and alkynes addition to. Hydrocarbons alkanes, alkenes and alkynes chemical formula. Chapter 8 alkenes and alkynes i alkene hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are molecules composed of only hydrogen and carbon. Study guide chap 1920 alkanes, alkenes and alkynes carbon.
For example, alkynes undergo many of the typical addition reactions of alkenes. Methane gas is the first member of the homologous series of alkanes. Identify each as an alkane, an alkene, or an alkyne. Reaction in which halogen is introduced into a molecule 3 hydration.
Ks4 organic chemistry alkanes and alkenes student copy. The complete structural and molecular formula for a variety of hydrocarbons. Alkenes and alkynes, on the other hand, are unsaturated hydrocarbons. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page.
Historically, chemists developed names for new compounds without any systematic guidelines. Chapter 8 alkenes and alkynes i free download as powerpoint presentation. Alkynes are similar to alkenes in both physical and chemical properties. Compounds with at least one double or triple bond 2. They react rapidly with bromine, for example, to add a br 2 molecule across the cc double bond. Like the alkanes and alkenes, alkynes of four or fewer carbon atoms tend to be gases. The names the halogen is treated as a substituent on an alkane chain. Properties of alkenes and alkynes chemical properties undergo combustion as do alkanes. Showing top 8 worksheets in the category naming alkanes alkenes and alkynes. The longest hydrocarbon chain is selected and is termed as parent chain in case of alkanes. Includes examples from the alkane, alkene and alkyne series. Alkanes are hydrocarbons that have only carboncarbon. Organic chemistry university of california riverside. Solubility in nonpolar solvents, such as ether and acetone, is extensive.
Naming alkenesnaming alkynes concept chemistry video by. Rules underlying iupac nomenclature of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are discussed below. The naming conventions for these compounds are similar to those for alkanes. Alkane and cycloalkane properties boiling points boiling points are dependent upon. Ii alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes georgia institute of. Hydrocarbons 365 unit after studying this unit, you will be able to name hydrocarbons according to iupac system of nomenclature. I talk about the difference between the three homologous series of hydrocarbons. Alkenes are relatively stable compounds, but are more reactive than alkanes, either because of the reactivity of the carboncarbon pibond or the presence of allylic ch centers. Alkanes is hydrocarbon compound with one single bond. Free online alkanes alkenes and alkynes practice and. Unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds and are quite reactive. Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain one or more double bonds, while alkynes contain one or more triple bonds. Methods of preparation of alkynes by dehydrohalogenation of. Naming and drawing alkynes and cyclic hydrocarbons date.